This section collates all references used in the book, organised by leadership behaviour. Each behaviour includes the full references cited in its chapter. Some works appear multiple times across different behaviours, and so are repeated here for ease of use. The references are grouped under the five leadership domains of Strategy, Culture, Leadership, Teams and Yourself, so you can move quickly to the area you wish to explore. A final section, How School Leadership Affects Student Outcomes, includes all research and wider reading that supports the importance of codifying leadership behaviours.

Strategy (S)

S1. Explain the Why

Dodd, D. and Favaro, K., (2007) The Three Tensions: Winning the struggle to perform without compromise (Vol. 272). John Wiley & Sons.

Lencioni, P.M., (2012) The advantage: Why organizational health trumps everything else in business. John Wiley & Sons.

Pink, D.H., (2013) To sell is human: The surprising truth about moving others. Penguin.

Sinek, S., (2009) Start with why: How great leaders inspire everyone to take action. Penguin.

S2. Tell the Story

Brown, B., (2015) Daring greatly: How the courage to be vulnerable transforms the way we live, love, parent, and lead. Penguin.

Ganz, M. (2011) ‘Public Narrative, Collective Action, and Power’. In Odugbemi, S. and Lee, T. (eds) Accountability Through Public Opinion: From Inertia to Public Action. Washington D.C: The World Bank.

S3. Seek the Brutal Facts

Collins, J., (2001) Good to Great (Why some companies make the leap and others don’t). Random House.

Collins, J.C., (2006) Good to great and the social sectors: A monograph to accompany good to great. Random House.

S4. Uphold Values

Coyle, D. (2018). The Culture Code: The Secrets of Highly Successful Groups. Bantam.

Hargreaves, A. and Fullan, M., (2015) Professional capital: Transforming teaching in every school. Teachers College Press.

Lencioni, P.M., (2012) The advantage: Why organizational health trumps everything else in business. John Wiley & Sons.

Robinson, V. M. J. (2011). Student-Centered Leadership. Jossey-Bass.

Schein, E. H. (2016). Organizational Culture and Leadership. Wiley.

S5. Establish Collective Goals

Doerr, J., 2018. Measure what matters: How Google, Bono, and the Gates Foundation rock the world with OKRs. Penguin.

Lencioni, P.M., (2012) The advantage: Why organizational health trumps everything else in business. John Wiley & Sons.

McChesney, C., Covey, S. and Huling, J., (2012) The 4 disciplines of execution: Achieving your wildly important goals. Simon and Schuster.

S6. Focus on the Main Thing

Covey, S. R. (1989). The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change. New York: Free Press.

Doerr, J., 2018. Measure what matters: How Google, Bono, and the Gates Foundation rock the world with OKRs. Penguin.

Lencioni, P.M., (2012) The advantage: Why organizational health trumps everything else in business. John Wiley & Sons.

Pounds, W. F. (1965). The Process of Problem Finding. Sloan School of Management Working Paper No. 145-65. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

S7. Communicate Often

Ebbinghaus, H. (1885) Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology. Reprinted 1964. New York: Dover Publications.

Heath, C. and Heath, D. (2007) Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die. New York: Random House.

Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, Fast And Slow. Toronto: Doubleday Canada.

Lencioni, P.M., (2012) The advantage: Why organisational health trumps everything else in business. John Wiley & Sons.

S8. Find the Lead Measures

Bryar, C. and Carr, B., (2021) Working backwards: Insights, stories, and secrets from inside Amazon. Pan Macmillan.

McChesney, C., Covey, S., & Huling, J. (2012) The 4 disciplines of execution: Achieving your wildly important goals. Simon and Schuster.

S9. Leverage Marginal Gains

Hardy, D. (2010). The compound effect : multiplying your success, one simple step at a time. New York: Vanguard Press.

S10. Sustain Change

Buck, A., (2018) Leadership Matters 3.0: How leaders at all levels can create great schools. Hachette UK.

Collins, J. and Hansen, M.T., (2011) Great by Choice: Uncertainty, Chaos and Luck-Why some thrive despite them all. Random House.

Dweck, C.S., (2019) The New Psychology of Success.

Heath, C. and Heath, D. (2007) Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die. New York: Random House.

Kahneman, D. and Tversky, A. (1979) Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47(2), pp. 263-291. 

Knoster, T., Villa, R., and Thousand, J. (2000) A framework for thinking about systems change. In R. Villa and J. Thousands (Eds.) Restructuring for caring and effective education:Piecing the puzzle together (2nd edition). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.

Kotter, J.P. (2012) Leading Change. Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School Press.

Zajonc, R. B. (1968) Attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9(2), pp. 1-27. 

S11. Break Through Limits

Pauline Rose Clance (1985). The Impostor Phenomenon. Peachtree Pub Limited.

Doidge, N. (2007) The Brain that Changes Itself: Stories of Personal Triumph from the Frontiers of Brain Science. Melbourne: Scribe.

Dweck, C.S., (2019) The New Psychology of Success.

Ericsson, A., (2016) Peak: Secrets from the New Science of Expertise. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Lemov, D., Woolway, E., Yezzi, K. and Heath, D. (2012) Practice perfect : 42 rules for getting better at getting better. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

S12. Lead for Lasting Excellence

Collins, J., (2001) Good to Great (Why some companies make the leap and others don’t). Random House.

Collins, J. (2011). How the Mighty Fall. Harper Collins.

Handy, C.B. (1990) The age of unreason. Boston, Ma: Harvard Business School Press.

Hargreaves, A. and Fink, D. (2006) Sustainable Leadership. Hoboken: Wiley.

S13. Aspire to Greatness

Collins, J.C. and Porras, J., (2005) Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. Random House.

Locke, E.A., Shaw, K.N., Saari, L.M. and Latham, G.P., 1981. Goal setting and task performance: 1969-1980. Psychological bulletin, 90(1), p.125.

Sullivan, D. and Dr. Benjamin Hardy (2023). 10x Is Easier Than 2x. Hay House, Inc.

S14. Anticipate Unintended Consequences

Senge, P.M. (1990). The Fifth Discipline. The Crown Publishing Group.

Simon, Herbert A., (1957) Models of Man, New York: John Wiley.

Thaler, R.H. and Sunstein, C.R. (2008) Nudge: Improving Decisions about health, wealth, and Happiness. New York: Penguin Books.

S15. Plan with a Premortem

Heath, C. and Heath, D. (2013) Decisive: How to make better choices in life and work. Random House.

Klein, G. (2007) Performing a project premortem. Harvard Business Review 85(9): 18-19.

L David Marquet (2013). Turn the ship around! : a true story of building leaders by breaking the rules. London: Portfolio Penguin.

Culture (C)

C1. Hold High Standards

Whitman, D. (2008) Sweating the small stuff: Inner-city schools and the new paternalism. Thomas B. Fordham Foundation & Institute. Washington, DC.

C2. Set High Floor, No Ceiling

Catmull, E. and Wallace, A. (2020). Creativity, Inc. : overcoming the unseen forces that stand in the way of true inspiration. Toronto: Vintage Canada.

Coyle, D., (2021) The Talent Code: Greatness Isn’t Born Its Grown. Random House Business Books.

Porter, A.C., Murphy, J., Goldring, E., Elliott, S.N., Polikoff, M.S., and May, H. (2008) Vanderbilt Assessment of Leadership in Education: Technical Manual, Version 1.0. Vanderbilt University, p. 13.

Rosenthal, R. and Jacobson, L., (1968) Pygmalion in the Classroom. Rinehart and Winston.

C3. Establish Routines

Bambrick-Santoyo, P., (2018) Leverage leadership 2.0: A practical guide to building exceptional schools. John Wiley & Sons.

Lally, P., Van Jaarsveld, C.H., Potts, H.W. and Wardle, J., (2010) How are habits formed: Modelling habit formation in the real world. European journal of social psychology, 40(6), pp.998-1009.

Lemov, D., Woolway, E. and Yezzi, K., (2012) Practice perfect: 42 rules for getting better at getting better. John Wiley & Sons.

C4. Maintain Consistency

Hattie, J., Timperley, H., & Anderman, M. (2020). Routines, practices, and student achievement: Examining the mediating role of classroom consistency. Journal of Educational Psychology, 113(1), 72-96.

McCoach, J. M., & Marzano, R. J. (2015). A synthesis of research on classroom expectations and student outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 85(4), 727-760.

C5. Celebrate Successes

Bliven, A. and Jungbauer, M., 2021. The impact of student recognition of excellence to student outcome in a competency‐based educational model. The Journal of Competency‐Based Education, 6(4), pp.195-205.

Heath, C. and Heath, D., (2017) The power of moments: Why certain experiences have extraordinary impact. Simon and Schuster.

NFER (2018). Tackling Teacher Retention and Turnover Challenges. Available at: https://www.nfer.ac.uk/media/ebkabwz0/tackling_teacher_retention_and_turnover_challenges_htu.pdf 

C6. Seek Inspiration

Barber, M., (2021) Accomplishment: How to achieve ambitious and challenging things. Penguin UK.

Fullan, M. (2001). Leading in a Culture of Change. Jossey-Bass.

Katz, R. and Allen, T.J., (1982) Investigating the Not Invented Here (NIH) syndrome: A look at the performance, tenure, and communication patterns of 50 R & D Project Groups. R&d Management, 12(1), pp.7-20.

C7. Engage Parents

Dufur, M.J., Parcel, T.L. and Troutman, K.P., (2013) Does capital at home matter more than capital at school? Social capital effects on academic achievement. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 31, pp.1-21.

Education Endowment Foundation (2021) Parental engagement. [online] EEF. Available at: https://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/education-evidence/teaching-learning-toolkit/parental-engagement.

Hattie, J., (2008) Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. Routledge.

Robbins, J. and Dempster, K., (2021) The Four Pillars of Parental Engagement.

C8. Create Moments

Guidara, W., (2022) Unreasonable hospitality: The remarkable power of giving people more than they expect. Penguin.

Heath, C. and Heath, D., (2017) The power of moments: Why certain experiences have extraordinary impact. Simon and Schuster.

Kahneman, D., Fredrickson, B.L., Schreiber, C.A. and Redelmeier, D.A., (1993) When more pain is preferred to less: Adding a better end. Psychological science, 4(6), pp.401-405.

Leadership (L)

L1. Lead by Example

Covey, S.R., (2004) 7 habits of highly effective people: Powerful lessons in personal change. New York: Fireside.

Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. and McKee, A. (2002) ‘Primal Leadership: Learning to Lead with Emotional Intelligence’, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Lencioni, P.M., (2012) The advantage: Why organizational health trumps everything else in business. John Wiley & Sons. 

L2. Be Positive

Avey, M. M., Carsten, J. C., & Bono, J. E. (2018). Effects of positive leadership and flow on employee well-being through the PERMA lens. Austin Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 3(1), 1-11.

Seligman, M. E. P. (2011) Flourish: A very human perspective on happiness. Free Press.

L3. Get the Steps In

Bambrick-Santoyo, P. (2018) Leverage leadership 2.0. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Cohen, J., McCabe, E. M., Michelli, N. M., & Pickeral, T. (2009). School climate: Research, policy, teacher education and practice. Teachers College Record, 111(1), 180-213.

Hallinger, P., & Murphy, J. (2013). Running on empty? Finding the time and capacity to lead learning. NASSP Bulletin, 97(1), 5-21.

L4. Make it Happen

Duckworth, A. (2016). Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance

Dweck, C. S. (2006) Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.

L5. Stack the Chairs

Buck, A., (2018) Leadership matters 3.0. Woodbridge: John Catt.

L6. Leaders Eat Last

Greenleaf, R. K. (1977) Servant Leadership: A Journey into the Nature of Legitimate Power and Greatness. Paulist Press.

Hester, W T. (2020) The Whole Teacher: Growing Educator Resilience and Well-Being. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard Graduate School of Education.

Sinek, S. (2014) Leaders eat last: Why some teams pull together and others don’t. Portfolio Penguin.

L7. Co-Create What Matters

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000) The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268.

L8. Don’t Drop the Ball

Edmondson, Amy C. (2011) Why Teambuilding Fails and What We Can Do About It. Harvard Business Review, September 2011. (Harvard Business Review Affiliation)

McKibbin, L. W., & Duncan, J. W. (1989) Top management team strategic consensus and the efficacy of strategic decision making. Strategic Management Journal, 10(3), 339-351. 

L9. Use the Checklist

Clark, R. E. (2008) Building expertise: Cognitive methods for training and performance improvement. 2nd edn. Washington, DC: International Society for Performance Improvement.

Gawande, A. (2009) The Checklist Manifesto: How to Get Things Right. New York: Metropolitan Books.

Kahneman, D. (2011) Thinking, Fast and Slow. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

L10. Pass the Baton

Blanchard, K.H., Zigarmi, P. and Zigarmi, D., (2013) Leadership and the One Minute Manager: Increasing Effectiveness Through Situational Leadership II. Rev. ed. New York: William Morrow.

Grove, A.S., (1995) High Output Management. New York: Vintage.

Hersey, P., Blanchard, K.H. and Johnson, D.E., (2012) Management of Organizational Behavior: Leading Human Resources. 10th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

Hyatt, M., (2019) Free to Focus: A Total Productivity System to Achieve More by Doing Less. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books.

Landsberg, M., (2015) The Tao of Coaching: Boost Your Effectiveness at Work by Inspiring and Developing Those Around You. 3rd ed. London: Profile Books.

Ugchukwu, F. O., & Joo, S. H. (2013) The effects of leadership style and task complexity on knowledge sharing, skill development, and task performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 28(7/8), 746-760.

Yukl, G. (2010) Leadership in Organizations. 7th ed. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.

L11. Learn to Bend

Chughtai, M.S., Syed, F., Naseer, S. and Chinchilla, N., 2024. Role of adaptive leadership in learning organizations to boost organizational innovations with change self-efficacy. Current Psychology, 43(33), pp.27262-27281.

L12. Control the Controllables

Dweck, C. S. (2006) Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.

Grupe, D.W. and Nitschke, J.B., 2013. Uncertainty and anticipation in anxiety: an integrated neurobiological and psychological perspective. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 14(7), pp.488-501.

Teams (T)

T1. Know Your Team

Seligman, M.E. and Csikszentmihalyi, M., 2000. Positive psychology: An introduction (Vol. 55, No. 1, p. 5). American Psychological Association.

T2. Ask First

Schein, E.H., 2013. Humble inquiry: The gentle art of asking instead of telling. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Stanier, M.B., (2016) The coaching habit: Say less, ask more & change the way you lead forever. Box of Crayons Press.

T3. Get the Right People on the Bus

Bryar, C. and Carr, B., (2021) Working backwards: Insights, stories, and secrets from inside Amazon. Pan Macmillan.

Collins, J., (2001) Good to Great (Why some companies make the leap and others don’t). Random House.

Edmondson, Amy C. (2011) Why Teambuilding Fails and What We Can Do About It. Harvard Business Review, September 2011. (Harvard Business Review Affiliation)

Pink, D.H., (2022) Drive. Ayros.

T4. Create a Team

Lencioni, P.M., (2010) The five dysfunctions of a team: A leadership fable. John Wiley & Sons.

Pentland, A. (2012). The new science of building great teams. Harvard Business Review, 90(4), 60-69.

T5. Mastering Conflict

Jehn, K. A. (1995). A Multimethod Examination of the Benefits and Detriments of Intragroup Conflict. “Administrative Science Quarterly,” 40(2), 256-282.

Lencioni, P.M. (2012) The advantage: Why organizational health trumps everything else in business. John Wiley & Sons.

T6. Be Wonderful to Work With

Alexander, B.K., Coambs, R.B. and Hadaway, P.F., (1978) The effect of housing and gender on morphine self-administration in rats. Psychopharmacology, 58, pp.175-179.

Curry, O.S., Rowland, L.A., Van Lissa, C.J., Zlotowitz, S., McAlaney, J. and Whitehouse, H., (2018) Happy to help? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of performing acts of kindness on the well-being of the actor. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 76, pp.320-329.

Heath, C. and Heath, D., (2017) The power of moments: Why certain experiences have extraordinary impact. Simon and Schuster.

T7. Hold Meetings for Impact

Dutton, J.E., & Ashford, S.J. (1993). Selling issues to top management. Academy of Management Review, 18(3), 397-428.

Lencioni, P.M., (2010) Death by meeting: A leadership fable… about solving the most painful problem in business. John Wiley & Sons.

Rogelberg, S.G. (2022). Make the Most of Your One-on-One Meetings. [online] Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2022/11/make-the-most-of-your-one-on-one-meetings.

T8. Create Actions

Carter, D. and McInerney, L. (2020) Leading Academy Trusts. Woodbridge, UK: John Catt.

Collins, J., (2009) How the mighty fall: And why some companies never give in. Random House.

Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999). Implementation intentions: Theory and empirical verification. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 234(4), 213-223.

Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (1990). Goal setting: A motivational theory that works. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 45(1), 117-130. 

McChesney, C., Covey, S., & Huling, J. (2012) The 4 disciplines of execution: Achieving your wildly important goals. Simon and Schuster.

Steel, P. (2007). The procrastination equation: How to create a sense of urgency to enhance self-control. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 65-94.

T9. Go Back and Check

Locke, E.A. and Latham, G.P., (2002) Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey. American Psychologist, 57(9), p.705.

T10. Embrace Accountability

Eisenberger, R., Stinglhamber, M., & Mellers, J. (1997) Perceived leader legitimacy and procedural justice: A relational model of acceptance and trust in leaders. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(2), 321-338. 

Kluger, A. N., & DeNisi, A. S. (1996). Effects of feedback intervention on performance: A field experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 350-359.

Lencioni, P.M., (2012) The advantage: Why organizational health trumps everything else in business. John Wiley & Sons.

Yourself (Y)

Y1. Protect Your Sleep

Cho, K., Barnes, C.M. and Guanara, C.L., (2017) Sleepy punishers are harsh punishers: Daylight saving time and legal sentences. Psychological science, 28(2), pp.242-247.

Guadagni, V., Burles, F., Ferrara, M. and Iaria, G., (2014) The effects of sleep deprivation on emotional empathy. Journal of sleep research, 23(6), pp.657-663.

Van Dongen, H.P., Maislin, G., Mullington, J.M. and Dinges, D.F., (2003) The cumulative cost of additional wakefulness: dose-response effects on neurobehavioral functions and sleep physiology from chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation. Sleep, 26(2), pp.117-126.

Y2. Give Yourself Permission

Berry, J. (2016) Making the Leap: Moving from Deputy to Head. London: Crown House Publishing.

Brown, B. (2012) Daring Greatly: How the Courage to Be Vulnerable Transforms the Way We Live, Love, Parent, and Lead. New York: Gotham Books.

Loehr, J. and Schwartz, T. (2001) ‘The making of a corporate athlete’, Harvard Business Review, 79(1), pp. 120-128.

Loehr, J. and Schwartz, T. (2003) The Power of Full Engagement: Managing Energy, Not Time, is the Key to High Performance and Personal Renewal. New York: Free Press.

Mohr, T. (2014) Playing Big: A Practical Guide for Brilliant Women Like You. London: Hutchinson.

Neff, K. (2011) Self-Compassion: The Proven Power of Being Kind to Yourself. New York: William Morrow.

Y3. Manage Emotions

Beatty, B. R. (2000) The Emotions of Educational Leadership: Breaking the Silence. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 3(4), pp. 331-357. 

Boyatzis, R. E. and McKee, A. (2005) Resonant Leadership: Renewing Yourself and Connecting with Others Through Mindfulness, Hope, and Compassion. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Goleman, D. (1996) Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. London: Bloomsbury.

Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. and McKee, A. (2002) Primal Leadership: Realizing the Power of Emotional Intelligence. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Y4. Humility

Collins, J. (2001) Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap… and Others Don’t. London: Random House Business.

Fullan, M. (2001) Leading in a Culture of Change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Harris, A. (2004) Distributed leadership and school improvement: Leading or misleading? Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 32(1), pp.11-24.

Schein, E.H. (2013) Humble Inquiry: The Gentle Art of Asking Instead of Telling. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.

Y5. Organise for Clarity

Allen, D. (2001). Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity. New York: Penguin Books.

Levitin, D.J. (2015). The Organized Mind: Thinking Straight in the Age of Information Overload. London: Penguin.

Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), pp. 257-285.

Y6. Prioritise What Matters

Collins, J. (2001) Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap… and Others Don’t. London: Random House Business.

Covey, S.R. (1989) The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change. New York: Free Press.

McKeown, G. (2014) Essentialism: The Disciplined Pursuit of Less. London: Virgin Books.

Newport, C. (2016) Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World. London: Piatkus.

Y7. Think Long, Act Daily

Y8. Sharpen Your Tools

Covey, S.R. (1989) The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change. New York: Free Press.

Newport, C. (2016) Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World. London, Piatkus.

Y9. Build Habits That Last

Clear, J. (2018). Atomic Habits: An Easy & Proven Way to Build Good Habits & Break Bad Ones. London: Random House.

Fogg, B.J. (2020). Tiny Habits: The Small Changes That Change Everything. London: Virgin Books.

Gollwitzer, P.M. (1999) ‘Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans’, American Psychologist, 54(7), pp. 493-503.

Gollwitzer, P.M., & Sheeran, P. (2006). Implementation Intentions and Goal Achievement: A Meta‐analysis of Effects and Processes. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology*, 38, 69-119.

Kegan, R., & Lahey, L.L. (2009). Immunity to Change: How to Overcome It and Unlock the Potential in Yourself and Your Organization. Boston: Harvard Business Press.

How school leadership affects student outcomes: why codifying behaviours matters

Barker, J. and Rees, T. (2021). The codification of leadership knowledge. Chartered College of Teaching.

Busher, H. (2005). Being a middle leader: Exploring professional identities. School Leadership and Management, 25(2), 137–153.

Carter, A. and McInerney, L. (2020). Leading Academy Trusts: Why Some Fail, but Most Don’t. Woodbridge: John Catt.

Coe, R. (2022). School Environment & Leadership: Evidence Review. Cambridge Assessment International Education.

Day, C., Stobart, P., Sammons, A., Kington, A., and Gu, Q. (2006). Variations in teachers’ work and lives and their effects on pupils: VITAE Report. DfES Research Report 743.

Department for Education (2018). School leadership in England 2010 to 2016: characteristics and trends. London: TSO.

Education Endowment Fund (2016). Teaching and Learning Toolkit.

Fathers, L. (2018). Why middle leadership development is crucial. Ambition Institute (blog).

Fitzgerald, T. and Gunter, H.M. (2008). Contesting the orthodoxy of teacher leadership. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 11(4), 331–340.

Goodall, J. (2018). A toolkit for parental engagement: from project to process. School Leadership & Management, 38(2), 222–238.

Hallinger, P. (2018). Bringing context out of the shadows of leadership. EMAL, 46(1), 5–24.

Hallinger, P. and Heck, R.H. (1996a). Reassessing the principal’s role in school effectiveness: A review of empirical research, 1980–1995. Educational Administration Quarterly, 32(1), 5–44.

Hallinger, P. and Heck, R.H. (1998). Exploring the principal’s contribution to school effectiveness: 1980–1995. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 9(2), 157–191.

Harris, A. (2013). Distributed Leadership; Friend or Foe? Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 41(5), 545–554.

Harris, A. and Jones, M. (2018). Why context matters. Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 17(3), 195–207.

Harris, A., Jones, M. and Crick, T. (2020). Curriculum leadership. School Leadership & Management, 40(1), 1–4.

Heck, R.H. and Hallinger, P. (2014). Modeling the longitudinal effects of school leadership on teaching and learning. Journal of Educational Administration.

Horng, E. and Loeb, S. (2010). New thinking about instructional leadership. Phi Delta Kappan, 92(3), 66–69.

Hoy, W., Tarter, J., and Hoy, A. (2006). Academic optimism of schools. AERJ, 43, 425–446.

Jacobson, S.L., Johnson, L., Ylimaki, R., and Giles, C. (2005). Successful leadership in challenging US schools. Journal of Educational Administration, 43(6), 607–618.

Keikavoosi Arani, L., Ramezani, M., and AbedinSalimAbadi, P. (2014). Codification of national accreditation standards for management and leadership in hospitals of Iran. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 24(119), 194–198.

Leithwood, K. and Jantzi, D. (2006). Transformational school leadership for large-scale reform. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 17(2), 201–227.

Leithwood, K., Harris, A. and Hopkins, D. (2008). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership. School Leadership & Management, 28(1), 27–42.

Leithwood, K., Harris, A. and Hopkins, D. (2019). Seven strong claims… revisited. School Leadership & Management, 40(1), 5–22.

Leithwood, K., Sun, J. and Pollock, K. (eds.) (2017). How School Leaders Contribute to Student Success: The Four Paths Framework. Springer.

Leithwood, K., Sun, J. and Schumacker, R. (2017). How School Leadership Influences Student Learning. Paper presented at AERA, New York.

Lemov, D. (2010). Teach Like a Champion. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Lemov, D. (2015). Teach Like a Champion 2.0. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Lemov, D. (2019). Twitter post

Lemov, D. (2021). Teach Like a Champion 3.0. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Malen, B. (1995). The micropolitics of education. In The Study of Educational Politics. New York: Falmer.

Mascall, B. and Leithwood, K. (2008). The effects of total leadership on student learning. Educational Administration Quarterly, 44(4), 529–561.

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